This error means you tried to call .get on a string. The str type in Python doesn’t have that method. You probably meant to call .get on a dict instead. To fix this, make sure the variable you’re calling .get on is a dict and not a string. The dict type in Python has a … Read more

The Python error “TypeError: str returned non-string (type NoneType)” means you aren’t returning a string from your class’ __str__ method. To fix this, make sure you’re actually returning a string. Python has methods called “dunder” methods, which is shorthand for “double underscore”. They are special methods you can add to your classes to do things … Read more

This error means you gave two arguments to list.extend(), which only takes one. You probably are trying to add two items to the list. The fix is simple, just wrap those two items in brackets ([]) to make them a list, and therefore only one argument. Problem: you passed 2 arguments to list.extend() If you … Read more

This error means that you’re trying to call list.append() with two arguments. You might be trying to add two items to the list at once, in which case you should use list.extend() or simply call list.append() twice. Problem: you are passing two arguments to append If you have a list that you want to add … Read more

This error means you don’t have cryptography installed. Install it with pip install cryptography or by using the user interface in your IDE to install additional python packages. The cryptography package in Python has cryptographic “recipes” which make working with encryption easier and safer for developers. Easier because most of the hard work has already … Read more

This error is caused by trying to import boto3 when it’s not installed. Fix this by simply running pip install boto3. Problem: boto3 is not installed If you don’t have the boto3 Python package installed, running the following code will give you an error: The error: Fix 1: install boto3 using pip Fix this by … Read more